- Determine the values for the first atom: \(A = 8\), \(B = 8\), and \(C = O\).
- Determine the values for the second atom: \(D = 26\), \(E = 30\), and \(F = Fe\).
- Final answers:
A: \(\boxed{8}\)
B: \(\boxed{8}\)
C: \(\boxed{O}\)
D: \(\boxed{26}\)
E: \(\boxed{30}\)
F: \(\boxed{Fe}\)
Explanation
- Analyzing Atomic Structure Definitions
To complete the table for the given atoms, we rely on the fundamental definitions of atomic structure.
- The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of protons in its nucleus.
- The mass number of an atom is equal to the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons in its nucleus.
- The element symbol is uniquely determined by the atomic number according to the periodic table of elements.
- Determining Parameters for the First Atom
For the first atom:
- Let the number of protons be \(A\).
- We are given the number of neutrons as \(7\) and the mass number as \(15\).
- Using the mass number relationship: \(A + 7 = 15\). Solving for \(A\), we find \(A = 15 - 7 = 8\).
- By definition, the atomic number \(B\) is equal to the number of protons: \(B = A = 8\).
- Consulting the periodic table, the element with atomic number \(8\) is Oxygen, represented by the symbol \(C = O\).
- Determining Parameters for the Second Atom
For the second atom:
- The atomic number is given as \(26\). Since the number of protons equals the atomic number, we have \(D = 26\).
- The mass number is given as \(56\). Let the number of neutrons be \(E\).
- Using the mass number relationship: \(D + E = 56 \Rightarrow 26 + E = 56\). Solving for \(E\), we find \(E = 56 - 26 = 30\).
- Consulting the periodic table, the element with atomic number \(26\) is Iron, represented by the symbol \(F = Fe\).
Examples
Understanding the structure of atoms is fundamental to chemistry and physics. By knowing the number of protons and neutrons, scientists can identify elements and their isotopes. For instance, calculating these values allows researchers to predict an element's reactivity or determine its stability, which is essential in fields ranging from material science to medical imaging. This simple calculation provides the foundation for more complex chemical analysis.