Answered

...area available for chemical reactions to take place. Organelles also increase efficiency because they are specialized—each organelle has a unique job. The evolution of eukaryotic cells gave rise to multicellular organisms with genetic diversity.



i. The addition of organelles INCREASES/DECREASES (circle one) the surface area inside the cell.

j. How are eukaryotic cells still efficient even though they are large?



Application Questions:

  1. Explain why one cup of ice chips/cubes melts faster than a one-cup block of ice.
  2. Jackrabbits have big ears because these ears are an adaptation for what?
  3. Why are almost all marine mammals large (whales, walruses, polar bears)?

Verified Answer :

Final answer:

Eukaryotic cells are efficient due to increased surface area from organelles and their specialized functions. Larger cells can compartmentalize processes, which optimizes function. Adaptations, such as those in jackrabbits and marine mammals, highlight how size and features contribute to survival and efficiency.


Explanation:

Understanding the Efficiency of Eukaryotic Cells

The addition of organelles in eukaryotic cells INCREASES the surface area inside the cell. This increase is due to the fact that organelles provide specialized areas where various cellular processes can occur simultaneously and efficiently. For instance, organelles like mitochondria are involved in energy production, while ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis.

Efficiency of Large Eukaryotic Cells

Eukaryotic cells, despite being larger than prokaryotic cells, remain efficient due to several factors:

  1. Compartmentalization: Organelles allow for specific functions to occur in separate areas of the cell, preventing interference between processes and optimizing conditions for each process.
  2. Enhanced Surface Area: The presence of organelles increases the overall surface area of the cell, allowing for more reactions to take place and more materials to be absorbed.
  3. Specialization: Each organelle performs a specific role, which reduces the workload on individual components and enhances overall cellular function.

The Melting of Ice Chips vs. Ice Blocks

One cup of ice chips or cubes melts faster than a block of ice because of the increased surface area exposed to the warm air. Ice chips have more surface area in contact with the air, allowing more heat transfer and thus, faster melting.

Adaptations in Jackrabbits

Jackrabbits have big ears as an adaptation for thermoregulation. The large surface area of their ears allows heat to dissipate more efficiently, helping them to stay cool in their hot desert environments.

Size of Marine Mammals

Almost all marine mammals are large, such as whales, walruses, and polar bears, primarily due to the principle of thermoregulation. Larger bodies retain heat better in cold ocean environments, and the increased size also aids in buoyancy and reduces predation risk.


Learn more about Eukaryotic Cells and Adaptations here:

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