Answer 1 : D) Inheritance of acquired characteristics
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck propose a mechanism by which gradual change of species may occur.
According to him the traits an organism gained during its lifetime could be passed to its offspring.
Example: If a giraffe stretched its neck gradually by stretching to reach leaves for many years, Lamarck believed the offspring may have longer necks.
Answer 2: A) Giant Tortoises
Charles Darwin visited Galapagos Islands in 1835. During his visit he observed that different species were in a constant battle for survival with each other, and because of that battle there was a variation in the tortoise that live on the sand and those that live in the water.
