1. Answer;
-Fungus
Explanation;
-A pioneer species is one which is the first to colonize an area, which can be seen with fungus in the way that spores are quickly spread across large areas.
-Pioneer species are usually lichens and mosses, which can grow on bare rocks. As they grow, the lichens and mosses help break up the rocks to form soil. When these organisms die, they provide nutrients that enrich the developing soil. Over time, seeds of plants land in the new soil and begin to grow.
2. Answer;
The statement above is true
Explanation;
-Secondary succession can happen after primary succession or independently of primary succession.
-Secondary succession is the series of community changes which take place on a previously colonized, but disturbed or damaged habitat. Examples include areas which have been cleared of existing vegetation by forest fire, tsunami, flood, or an abandoned field.
-Secondary succession may occur independently, but the stages of secondary succession are similar to those of primary succession; however, primary succession always begins on a barren surface, whereas secondary succession begins in environments that already possess soil.
3. Answer;
A. It occurs in ecosystems without soil.
Explanation;
-Secondary succession refers to the process that happens after a disruptive event, reducing the population of species in an ecosystem. As opposed to primary succession that occurs in an ecosystem lacking soil, secondary succession happens on preexisting soil.
-Primary succession occurs following an opening of a pristine habitat, for example, a lava flow, an area left from retreated glacier, or abandoned strip mine. In contrast, secondary succession is a response to a disturbance, for example, forest fire, tsunami, flood, or an abandoned field.
