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An analogy often helps to

Aidentify key themes in an allegory by establishing a symbolic framework.
Bdefine an unknown word when presented in the context of a sentence.
Cclarify unfamiliar things by comparing them to something that is familiar.
Destablish a bridge between a character and the reader of the text.

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c. clarify unfamiliar things by comparing them to something that is familiar

An analogy involves things and ideas being compared to ideas that is somehow similar or familiar in order to explain them using the more familiar things or ideas. Analogy can also be associated with simile and metaphor but analogy are more extensive compared to these two figures of speech. Some examples of analogy that we used in our everyday lives are the following:

You are as hard-headed as the stone.
Just as a butterly undergoes metamorphosis, so as human with changes.

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