Final answer:
The consensus model of criminal law reflects the shared agreement among citizens that certain behaviors should be outlawed to protect society from harm. This model emphasizes that laws align with the majority's values and interests. In contrast to the conflict model, which focuses on power dynamics, the consensus model underlines societal agreement on criminal behavior.
Explanation:
The Consensus Model of Criminal Law
The model that the great majority of citizens agree upon regarding the necessity to outlaw certain behaviors, and that criminal law is designed to protect citizens from social harm, is known as the consensus model.
In this model, it is believed that there is a general agreement among the members of society on what constitutes criminal behavior. The consensus model assumes that social order is based on shared norms and values, which means that the laws enacted reflect the will and interests of the majority of the population. Under this framework, behaviors that are deemed harmful to society are outlawed to maintain public safety and well-being.
For instance, acts like theft, assault, and murder are widely recognized as harmful, leading to their prohibition under criminal law. This contrasts with the conflict model, which suggests that laws are created by those in power and may reflect the interests of specific groups rather than the majority. The social control model focuses on ways society regulates individual behavior to conform to norms, while the conviction model is not commonly referenced in academic discussions of criminology.
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