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Trial		SubstanceTemperature Observed (°C)Changes ObservedTime to Change (seconds)Final Temperature (°C)

1		Baking soda + vinegar10°CBubbling/Fizzing4512°C

2		Baking soda + vinegar25°CBubbling/Fizzing3027°C

3		Baking soda + vinegar$40^{\circ} C$Bubbling/Fizzing1542°C






Based on the data table, how does temperature affect the rate of chemical change in the reaction between baking soda and vinegar?


AThe reaction rate decreases as temperature increases.
BThe reaction rate stays the same regardless of temperature.
CThe reaction rate increases as temperature increases.

Verified Answer :

  • The experiment shows that as temperature increases (\(10^\circ\text{C}\) to \(40^\circ\text{C}\)), the time for the reaction decreases (\(45\) to \(15\) seconds).
  • Reaction rate is inversely proportional to time (\(\text{Rate} \propto \frac{1}{\text{Time}}\)).
  • Since shorter time equals faster speed, the reaction rate increases as temperature increases.
  • The correct observation is: \(\boxed{\text{The reaction rate increases as temperature increases.}}\)

Explanation

  1. Analyzing the Experimental Data

The data provided in the table shows the reaction time for baking soda and vinegar at three different temperatures:

  1. Trial 1: Temperature \(10^\circ\text{C}\), Time \(45\) seconds.
  2. Trial 2: Temperature \(25^\circ\text{C}\), Time \(30\) seconds.
  3. Trial 3: Temperature \(40^\circ\text{C}\), Time \(15\) seconds.

We observe that as the initial temperature increases from \(10^\circ\text{C}\) to \(40^\circ\text{C}\), the time taken for the chemical change to occur decreases from \(45\) seconds to \(15\) seconds.

  1. Understanding the Relationship Between Time and Reaction Rate

In chemistry, the rate of a reaction is defined as the speed at which reactants are converted into products. Since the time taken for a reaction is inversely proportional to its speed (rate), a shorter reaction time indicates a faster reaction rate. Mathematically, this can be represented as:
\[\text{Rate} \propto \frac{1}{\text{Time}}\]
When the time for a reaction decreases, the value of the inverse fraction increases, meaning the rate of the reaction is higher.

  1. Conclusion on the Effect of Temperature

Comparing our findings:

  • As the temperature increases, the time taken for the reaction decreases.
  • Because time is inversely proportional to the rate, a decrease in reaction time means an increase in the reaction rate.

Therefore, it is evident that increasing the temperature causes the reaction between baking soda and vinegar to happen faster, indicating that the reaction rate increases as temperature increases. This corresponds to the conclusion that the reaction rate increases as temperature increases.

Examples

In a kitchen, when you want to dissolve sugar faster in tea or coffee, you increase the temperature of the liquid. Similarly, in many industrial chemical processes, temperature control is crucial to speed up production cycles or slow down unwanted side reactions. This principle of reaction rates is a fundamental concept in chemical kinetics, illustrating how heat energy directly influences how quickly molecular collisions result in chemical changes.

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