Final answer:
Natural selection is a biological process that results in evolutionary changes in populations over time. It involves variation, inheritance, and differential survival and reproduction of organisms. An example is the peppered moth, which changed in population frequency due to environmental changes.
Explanation:
Understanding Natural Selection
Natural selection is a fundamental concept in Biology that describes how species evolve over time. It is the process through which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. This leads to change in the allele frequencies within a population across generations.
Mechanisms of Natural Selection
There are several key mechanisms through which natural selection occurs:
- Variation: Individuals in a population exhibit variation in traits that may affect their survival and reproduction.
- Inheritance: Traits that lead to better survival rates are often passed down to future generations.
- Differential Survival and Reproduction: Individuals with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce, leading to changes in the population.
For example, consider the case of the peppered moth in England. Before the Industrial Revolution, light-colored moths were more common because they blended in with the lichen on trees. However, as pollution darkened the trees, darker moths became more common since they had a survival advantage, illustrating the process of natural selection.
Learn more about Natural Selection here:
https://brainly.com/question/4075522