- Identify the bond type for \(Cu_3Zn_2\) as metallic due to its alloy composition of metals.
- Associate metallic bonding with properties like high electrical conductivity.
- Identify the bond type for \(O_2\) as covalent due to the shared electrons between nonmetal oxygen atoms.
- Associate covalent bonding with properties like being a gas at room temperature.
- The completed table is:
| Substance | Type of bond | Likely property \) \(Cu_3Zn_2\) | \boxed{Metallic} | \boxed{Good electrical conductivity} \) \(O_2\) | \boxed{Covalent} | \boxed{Gas at room temperature} \) |
Explanation
- Bond Type Identification
Analysis of the composition and bonding in the given substances:
- \(Cu_3Zn_2\) (brass): This substance is an alloy formed from copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), both of which are metallic elements. Alloys formed by the combination of metals exhibit metallic bonding, where valence electrons are delocalized in a "sea" of electrons surrounding the metal ion cores.
- \(O_2\): This is a diatomic molecule composed of two oxygen atoms. Oxygen is a nonmetal. In a molecule formed by two nonmetals, the atoms share electrons to complete their valence shells, which characterizes covalent bonding. This forms a simple molecular structure with weak intermolecular forces.
- Property Identification
Identifying characteristic properties for the substances based on their bonding:
- For \(Cu_3Zn_2\) (metallic bonding): Metallic bonds lead to properties like high electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, malleability, and ductility due to the mobility of delocalized electrons. A likely property (B) is high electrical conductivity.
- For \(O_2\) (covalent bonding): Simple molecular substances with covalent bonds, like oxygen gas, typically have low melting points, low boiling points, and exist as gases at room temperature. They also generally show poor electrical conductivity. A likely property (D) is being a gas at room temperature.
- Final Results
Combining the findings, the table is completed as follows:
- \(Cu_3Zn_2\): Type of bond (A) is Metallic bond, and a likely property (B) is good electrical conductivity.
- \(O_2\): Type of bond (C) is Covalent bond, and a likely property (D) is gas at room temperature.
The completed table is:
| Substance | Type of bond | Likely property \) \(Cu_3Zn_2\) | Metallic | Good electrical conductivity \) \(O_2\) | Covalent | Gas at room temperature \) |
Examples
Understanding the chemical bonding in materials is essential in engineering and daily life. For instance, knowing that brass (\(Cu_3Zn_2\)) has metallic bonding explains why it is used in plumbing and musical instruments due to its durability and electrical conductivity. Conversely, recognizing that oxygen (\(O_2\)) has covalent bonding explains why it exists as a gas that we breathe. These principles help engineers choose the right materials for specific applications, such as using metals for wiring and choosing stable, non-reactive gases for specific chemical environments.