Final answer:
CMB radiation was first discovered in 1965 by Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson using a radio receiver. They unintentionally detected it while working on a different project and later realized it was evidence of the Big Bang. Their find significantly advanced our understanding of the universe's origins.
Explanation:
How CMB Radiation Was First Discovered
Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation is a crucial piece of evidence for the Big Bang theory. It was first discovered in 1965 by scientists Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson while they were working on a radio communication project for Bell Labs. They were using a large horn antenna to measure radio waves from the Milky Way but were perplexed by a persistent noise that seemed to come from every direction, which they initially thought was due to equipment malfunction or bird droppings in the antenna.
However, upon eliminating these possibilities, they consulted with other scientists and realized they had detected the CMB radiation, which was a leftover remnant from the early universe. This discovery provided significant support for the concept of an original hot Big Bang and earned Penzias and Wilson the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1978. Their work laid the groundwork for further investigations into the cosmos, including the later missions like the COBE satellite that provided more detailed measurements of the CMB.
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