Final answer:
The Fourteenth Amendment secured important civil rights, such as defining citizenship and enabling Congress to enforce these rights. However, it did not affect how representation was calculated regarding the three-fifths compromise, as this was addressed by earlier legislation. Thus, option a is not an accomplishment of the Fourteenth Amendment.
Explanation:
Understanding the Fourteenth Amendment
The Fourteenth Amendment, ratified in 1868, was a pivotal part of American constitutional history, aimed at addressing issues related to citizenship and the rights of newly freed slaves. It established important principles, but also had limitations regarding its accomplishments.
Evaluating the Options
- No longer would three-fifths of a person count as a vote. This statement is true, but it is related to the Thirteenth Amendment which abolished slavery and the provision of counting slaves for representation purposes, making it irrelevant to the Fourth Amendment's achievements.
- Everyone born or naturalized in the United States was considered an equal citizen. This is a fundamental accomplishment of the Fourteenth Amendment, establishing a broad definition of citizenship.
- "Separate but equal" was deemed unconstitutional. This statement relates to the Supreme Court’s decision in Brown v. Board of Education (1954), which ruled against segregation in public schools, but by that time, it was already understood that segregation was in conflict with the principles of the Fourteenth Amendment.
- Power of enforcement. The Fourteenth Amendment gave Congress the authority to enforce its provisions, which is an important accomplishment for civil rights enforcement.
Of the options listed, a is not an accomplishment of the Fourteenth Amendment. Instead, it relates to different legislative measures that preceded the Fourteenth Amendment.
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