Final answer:
Classical theory refers to the writings of Beccaria and his followers, focusing on deterrence and punishment as methods to prevent crime.
Explanation:
Classical theory refers to the writings of Beccaria and his followers, which form the core of what is now known as classical criminology. This theory emphasizes the idea of a rational system of law and justice, focusing on deterrence and punishment as methods to prevent crime.
These theorists viewed criminal behavior as a choice made by individuals weighing the benefits and consequences, rather than being driven by external factors. They advocated for fair and proportional punishment to deter future criminal acts.
One example of classical theory in action is the principle of proportionality in sentencing, where the punishment fits the crime committed.
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