Final answer:
Enzymes are specific to substrates due to the unique shape of their active sites, following the lock and key model for precise binding.
Explanation:
Enzyme specificity is determined by the unique shape of the active site that allows for specific substrate binding. The lock and key model exemplifies how enzymes fit their substrates like a key fits into a lock, ensuring precise binding. This specificity arises from the specific chemical environment created by the amino acids near the active site.
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