Answered

19.
A 21-year-old man has been vomiting to the point where he has
become hypovolemic, as evidenced by an accompanying decrease in
blood pressure and a feeling of light-headedness. The kidneys respond
by reducing urinary volume flow, thus limiting the potential extent of
hypovolemia. Increases in the plasma levels of which of the following
hormones will bring about the most dramatic decrease in urinary
volume flow rate?
A. Angiotensin II
Parathyroid hormone
B. Atrial natriuretic peptide
D. Aldosterone E. Arginine vasopressin (ADH)
C.

Verified Answer :

GinnyAnswer

Final answer:

Angiotensin II stimulates aldosterone release, ANP promotes Na+ excretion, and ADH facilitates water reabsorption.


Explanation:

Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor that stimulates aldosterone release, promoting water retention and a rise in blood pressure. Conversely, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) released from the atria of the heart stimulates Na+ excretion, reducing blood pressure. Arginine vasopressin (ADH), also known as antidiuretic hormone, promotes water reabsorption by acting on collecting ducts in the kidneys, decreasing urinary volume flow.


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