The Galapagos pink land iguana, Conolophus marthae (C. marthae), is native to only

one of the Galapagos Islands. Its entire range is currently limited to Wolf Volcano on

Isabella Island. The iguana was first discovered on this island in 1986. Genetic studies of

the animal began sometime later, and it was identified as a species separate from other

iguana populations on the Galapagos in 2009. Its population might have been as high as 100

in 1986, but now there might be as few as 10 of the animals left alive.

Other evidence indicates that this species could have diverged from another line of

iguanas about 5.7 million years ago. After that, the other line of iguanas diverged into two

other species, C. pallidus and C. subcristatus.

In the future, the current population of about ten pink land iguanas will probably

(1) migrate to new islands in the Galapagos in order to survive

(2) soon become extinct, because they have little genetic diversity

(3) undergo evolution by natural selection and survive

(4) soon become extinct, because they have too much genetic diversity