The US punishment system is based on the idea that people get what they deserve when they do something wrong; this has its basis in fairness and justice. Option A is correct.
Justice can be understood as an action in accordance with the requirements of some law. The principles of justice and fairness can be thought of as rules of "fair play" for issues of social justice.
Sometimes, people frame justice issues in terms of fairness and invoke principles of justice and fairness.
