mastah
Answered

What must be true in order for p (a or b) = p(a) + (b)

A and B cannot be disjoint

A and B must be independent

A and B cannot be independent

A and B must be disjoint

It is always true

Verified Answer :

A and B must be disjoint. You have, by the inclusion/exclusion principle, that

\(\mathbb P(A\cup B)=\mathbb P(A)+\mathbb P(B)-\mathbb P(A\cap B)\)

where the last term is required to prevent double counting. When \(A\) and \(B\) are disjoint, you have \(A\cap B=\emptyset\) and \(\mathb P(A\cap B)=0\), leaving you with

\(\mathbb P(A\cup B)=\mathbb P(A)+\mathbb P(B)\)