x - the cost of the skirt
y - the cost of the blouse
The ratio of the cost of the skirt to the cost of the blouse is 8:5.
\(\frac{x}{y}=\frac{8}{5} \\ 5x=8y \\ x=\frac{8}{5}y\)
The skirt costs $24 more than the blouse.
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Set (8/5)y and y+24 equal to each other:
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The cost of the blouse is $40.