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The term southern oscillation most nearly refers to a reversal of wind direction. The term refers to El Nino, variation of winds and sea surface temperatures characteristic of the eastern Pacific Ocean.

Southern Oscillation (SO)

  • When the tropical eastern south Pacific Ocean experiences high pressure, the tropical eastern Indian Ocean experiences low pressure.
  • But in certain years, there is a reversal in the pressure conditions and the eastern Pacific has lower pressure in comparison to the eastern Indian Ocean.
  • This periodic change in pressure conditions is known as the Southern Oscillation.

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