1. So, in the end, above ground you must have
the Haves, pursuing pleasure and comfort and beauty,
and below ground the Have-nots,
the Workers getting continually adapted
to the conditions of their labour. - the theme is society and class, because it talks about various workers and their responsibilities
2. We improve our favourite plants and
animals—and how few they are—gradually
by selective breeding; now a new and better peach,
now a seedless grape, now a sweeter and larger flower,
now a more convenient breed of cattle. - the theme is humankind and nature, and our interaction with it and its modification to suit our needs
3. Plainly, this second species of Man was subterranean.
There were three circumstances in particular
which made me think that its rare emergence
above ground was the outcome of a long-continued
underground habit. In the first place,
there was the bleached look common
in most animals that live largely
in the dark—the white fish of the Kentucky caves, for instance
- the theme is evolution, and how both animals and humans evolved and changed over time
