The right answer is C.
Meiosis and fertilization contribute to the stability of the species.
Meiosis ensures the passage of the diploid phase to the haploid phase. It follows a phase of DNA replication and consists of two successive divisions, the second is not preceded by a duplication of DNA. These two divisions lead, from a diploid mother cell (2n chromosomes), to four haploid daughter cells, the gametes (n chromosomes).
Meiosis and fertilization are at the origin of genetic mixing.
During meiosis, intra- and interchromosomal mixing occurs (inducing a genetic diversity between the daughter cells, and they are systematically different from their mother cell).
Intrachromosomal mixing, or crossing-over recombination, takes place between paired homologous chromosomes during the prophase of the first meiosis division;
Interchromosomal mixing is due to the independent migration of the homologous chromosomes of each pair during anaphase of the first division. It therefore concerns chromosomes reworked by the intrachromosomal mixing that preceded it.
