1.An argument appeals primarily to

A.stories.

B.riends.

C.logic.

D.science.

2.A logical fallacy is

A.an argument that is logically sound.

B.an argument that has a flaw in its logic.

C.an argument that uses logic and emotion.

D.an argument that backs up logic with science.

3.Which of the following is an example of post hoc?

A.Basing a conclusion on insufficient evidence

B.Identifying only two options and ignoring others

C.Citing a source who is not an expert on the topic

D.Incorrectly suggesting that one thing caused another

4.Select the correct description for the statement below:

My babysitter was cranky all the time; this is why I dislike babysitters. They're all mean.

A.poisoning the well

B.post hoc

C.hasty generalization

D.slippery slope

An argument is constructed out of ideas that are connected logically. For example, cause and effect; comparisons; oppositions; concession..
A flaw means that something cannot be proved. For example, men are stronger than women. This is a generalization that eveyone thinks it is true but it is not. As this cannot be easily proved, this is a flaw. What does to be strong mean? How is this strenght measure?
This is when people think that one event is the only cause of what follows. They draw conclusions from just one event. For example; I had a cold; I took a hot bath and then the cold disappeared the following day. The cold must have disappeared because of many reasons; one reason was not enough.
The speaker gets a general conclusion too soon. The speaker does not have any evidence or the one she / he has is biased ; or it is some prejudice. The generalization is that all babysitters are mean. The biased evidence is that she / he did not like her / his babysiter; she / he just gave a personal opinion.