The cell organelles and their major functions are given as follows:
Organelles are the structure that are present in or on the cell, that regulate specific type of functions that are essential for the life and survival of the cell or organisms.
Nucleus -
- the control centre of the cellular activities
- is the storehouse of the cell’s DNA, hereditary unit
- monitor cellular activities including metabolism and growth
Mitochondria -
- Release of energy form pyruvic acid produced in the cytoplasm in the form of ATP
- helps in the Synthesis of respiratory enzymes.
Chloroplast -
- responsible for trapping light energy for photosynthesis
- site of photosynthesis
Lysosomes -
- Intracellular digestion and destroys foreign substances.
- rapidly destroy organelles
Vacuoles -
- Storage of water and other substances, food pigments and waste products.
- Gives turgidity to the plant cell by pressing against a cell wall.
Ribosomes - main function is Protein synthesis.
ER -
- transport system of the cell
- protein manufacture
- production of lipids, steroids
- responsible for detoxifying the cell.
Golgi apparatus -
- Synthesis and secretion of enzymes, hormones
- The formation of acrosome.
Cilia -
- move the cell or the extracellular fluid
Flagella -
- responsible for the cell movements
Cell membrane -
- It separates the content of the cell from its surroundings.
- It regulates the entry/exit of certain solids and ions into the cell.
- It maintains the shape of the cell that is the animal cell.
Nuclear membrane -
- Release of energy form pyruvic acid produced in the cytoplasm in the form of ATP
- helps in the Synthesis of respiratory enzymes.
Cell wall -
- provides tensile strength and protection against mechanical and osmotic stress.
Cytoplasm -
- Different organelle is contained in it perform different functions.
- All metabolic activities occur in it.
- Medium of earlier steps of respiration
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