“prior to any questioning, the person must be warned that he has a right to remain silent, that any statement he does make may be used as evidence against him, and that he has a right to the presence of an attorney, either retained or appointed.”—chief justice earl warren in miranda v. arizona because of the ruling in this case, questions officers ask during an arrest cannot be used in court what suspects say when under arrest cannot be used in court suspects under arrest must demand their rights from officers officers must inform suspects under arrest of their rights