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why are archaea more likely to be able to live in extremely harsh environments than bacteria?

a)the proteins that make up the archaea cell walls are tougher than the peptidoglycan of which bacterial cell walls are made.

Bthe ether-linked fatty acids that make up archaea cell membranes are less likely to be damaged in harsh conditions than bacterial cell membranes.
Carchaea can form a capsid around themselves for protection in harsh conditions which bacteria cannot do.
Darchaea developed on the primitive earth when conditions were harsher which makes them more durable than more recently evolved bacteria.

Verified Answer :

d) archaea developed on the primitive earth when conditions were harsher which makes them more durable than more recently evolved bacteria.

Answer:

The correct answer will be option B.

Explanation:

The unique lipids of archaea provide protection from the environmental factors and help the survival of the cell in the extreme environment.

The cell membrane in archaea lacks peptidoglycans which are found in the bacterial cells and their isoprenoid hydrocarbon side chain are linked to the glycerol-1-phosphate backbone via an ether bond while fatty acid side chains in bacteria and eukarya are linked to the sn-glycerol-3-phosphate backbone via an ester bond.

Thus, option B-the ether-linked fatty acids that make up archaea cell membranes are less likely to be damaged in harsh conditions than bacterial cell membranes is the correct answer.

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