1. Body composition is defined as
   

Atotal fat mass.

Bthe weight of fat mass.

Ctotal muscle mass.

Dratio of muscle to fat.

1. Slow-twitch fibers are designed for
   

Apower.

Banaerobic metabolism.

Csprinting.

Dendurance.

1. Which one of the following choices is a by-product of ATP breakdown?
   

AGlycogen

BProtein

CGlucose

DADP and phosphorous

1. A tendon serves what purpose for a muscle?
   

AIt keeps the muscle at the correct temperature.

BIt creates the correct tension for the muscle.

CIt serves as an attachment point to bone.

DIt keeps the muscle at the correct length.

1. Most joints in the body form _______ levers.
   

Asecond-class

Bfirst-class

Cfourth-class

Dthird-class

1. Which one of the following statements concerning good posture is correct?
   

AGood posture is crucial for proper nutrition.

BGood posture may lead to breathing irregularity.

CGood posture helps to improve sleeping habits.

DGood posture may help to improve balance.

1. Which one of the following choices is considered part of the pelvic girdle?
   

AWaist

BThighs

CButtocks

DSpine

1. Fitness professionals know that good posture
   

Ais possible to achieve without proper balance.

Bis a habit that can be learned and maintained.

Ccan be achieved with a strenuous exercise regimen.

Dis almost impossible to correct once it's learned.

1. One of the positive health-related benefits of muscular fitness is
   

Agreater mental concentration.

Bdecreased chance of getting colds or flu.

Cbetter fitting clothes.

Dincreased endurance during exercise.

1. The sagittal plane divides the body
   

Abetween the upper and lower areas.

Bfrom the neck down.

Cfrom front to back.

Dinto left and right halves.

1. How does a normal spine appear on an x-ray?
   

AWith a sharp curve in the middle of the back

BWith natural curves in the neck and lower back

CPerfectly straight

DWith a natural curve that leans to the right

1. Based on the factors of stability, which of the following choices would be the most unstable lift?
   

ALeg curl

BMachine chest press

CStanding one-arm overhead press

DBody squat

1. When you flex your arm, you're performing a/an _______ contraction.
   

Aeccentric

Bisokinetic

Cconcentric

Disometric

1. Which three body systems benefit from good posture?
   

AUrinary, respiratory, and endocrine

BDigestive, circulatory, and respiratory

CEndocrine, digestive, and circulatory

DRespiratory, digestive, and urinary

1. Which one of the following minerals is essential for both bone health and muscle contractions?
   

ACopper

BSelenium

CIron

DCalcium

1. Which one of the following types of tissue covers and separates skeletal muscles, providing shape and
   

aiding in function?

ATendons

BFascia

CPeriosteum

DLigaments

1. The most common debilitating disorder among Americans under age 45 is
   

Ajoint pain.

Blower-back pain.

Ctension headaches.

Dneck and shoulder strain.

1. Tension headaches usually begin in the
   

Atemples.

Bears.

Csinuses.

Dneck.

1. When you sit with good posture, your spine should be
   

Avery relaxed.

Bstiffly erect.

Cleaning backward.

Dsoftly erect.

1. A/an _______ spine is one that allows for natural curves and arches.
   

Aextended

End of exam

Bbalanced

Cneutral

Dflexed

1. Posture and muscular balance can usually be improved by
   

Aexercising and stretching.

Bgetting an adequate amount of sleep each night.

Creducing physical stress.

Dfollowing a healthy diet.

1. Which one of the following types of joints is a freely movable joint?
   

AFibrous

BCartilaginous

CStable

DSynovial

1. Postural muscles tend to _______ if they aren't regularly stimulated to produce adequate force.
   

Atear

Bgrow

Cweaken

Dlengthen

1. Aerobic production of ATP comes from _______ during high-intensity training.
   

Aprotein

Bfat

Ccholesterol

Dcarbohydrates

1. Standing on your toes is an example of which type of lever?
   

AFirst class

BThird class

CFourth class

DSecond class