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The sun is made up primarily of hydrogen gas. The centre of the sun is called its core and is its hottest part. There is also a large amount of pressure at the Sun's core. The large amount of hydrogen in the sun's core are compressed and heated so much that the fuse together in a reaction known as nuclear fusion which converts the hydrogen atoms into helium. The by-product of this nuclear fussion is a vast amount of energy which is released from the sun to the solar system.

Answer: The correct answer is Option a.

Explanation:

Sun's core is mainly made up of hydrogen and helium. In the Sun's core, nuclear fusion reaction takes place which converts hydrogen into helium releasing a massive amount of energy which radiates to the surface of the Sun and then in the solar system.

Reactions for the nuclear fusion of Hydrogen to helium follows:

\(_1^1\textrm{H}+_1^1\textrm{H}\rightarrow _1^2\textrm{H}+_1^0e+ u\\\\_1^2\textrm{H}+_1^1\textrm{H}\rightarrow _2^3\textrm{He}+\gamma\\\\_2^3\textrm{He}+_2^3\textrm{He}\rightarrow _2^4\textrm{He}+2_1^1\textrm{H}\\\\_1^0e+_{-1}^0r\rightarrow 2\gamma\)

Hence, the correct answer is option a.

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