1. The diagram illustrates the differences between the skulls and brain volumes of three extinct hominins.
   

Rank the species shown in the diagram in order according to when they first appeared, from earliest to most recent.

AAustralopithecus africanus, Homo neanderthalensis, Homo erectus

BAustralopithecus africanus, Homo erectus, Homo neanderthalensis

CHomo erectus, Australopithecus africanus, Homo neanderthalensis

DHomo neanderthalensis, Homo erectus, Australopithecus africanus

1. Based on the cladogram, which group of plants evolved most recently?
   

AGreen algae

BMosses and relatives

CFlowering plants

DFerns and relatives

1. Identify the dependent variable on the Growth of Tortoise Shell graph.
   

AZoo

BWild

CAge (years)

DLength of Shell (mm)

1. The pedigree shows that some people can be carriers of the trait without being afflicted, meaning that the allele for the trait is recessive.
   

How many of the children of individuals 1 and 2 are afflicted with the recessive trait?

A3

B2

C4

D1

1. A student placed a disk of filter paper in each of the following solutions: disinfectant 1, disinfectant 2, disinfectant 3, and distilled water. While the four disks were soaking in their respective solutions, she streaked a sterile nutrient agar dish with a culture of E. coli bacteria. Then, she placed each disk carefully onto the nutrient agar dish, placed the lid on the dish, taped it shut, and incubated the dish at 37°C for several days. The diagram shows how the nutrient agar dish looked on Day 1 and Day 4. The shaded portion of the plate on day 4 indicates the bacterial growth.
   

Look at the dishes in the diagram. Which disinfectant was the most effective at controlling the growth of E. coli?

ADistilled water

BDisinfectant 3

CDisinfectant 2

DDisinfectant 1

1. According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, individuals who survive are the ones best adapted for their environment. Their survival is due to the
   

Apossession of adaptations developed through use.

Bpossession of inherited adaptations that maximize fitness.

Cchoices made by plant and animal breeders.

Dlack of competition within the species

A group of scientists are studying the effects of different fertilizers on the growth of pea plants. They began their study with 10 pea plants. They gave each plant a different type of fertilizer and tracked their growth over a period of 2 months.

The results of this experiment weren’t considered valid by other scientists because there was no control group. Which of the following represents an appropriate control group for this experiment?

AA group of plants that’s not subjected to any fertilizer

BA group of plants that’s subjected to all types of fertilizers

CA group of plants that’s subjected to one fertilizer

DA group of plants that’s subjected to two fertilizers

1. A group of scientists are studying the effects of different fertilizers on the growth of pea plants. They began their study with 10 pea plants. They gave each plant a different type of fertilizer and tracked their growth over a period of 2 months.
   

What’s the independent variable in this experiment?

AThe plants

BThe growth of the plants

CThe type of fertilizer

DThe amount of fertilizer

1. The cladogram shows relationships among several mammal species. Which group of modern mammals is the most closely related to elephants?
   

AArtiodactyls

BHyracoids

CSirenians

DCetaceans

1. The table contains data relating the temperature of water to the breathing rate of a fish. Which variable would be placed on the horizontal axis (x-axis) of a graph of this data?
   

ATemperature (°C)

BBreathing Rate of a Fish

CRate (per minute)

DNumber of Fish

Someone Please Help Me?????