Answer:
-The correct answer is A. The lesson learned at the First Battle of Bull Run was that the war was going to be longer and costlier than had been thought.
Explanation:
The Confederate Army in Manassas, commanded by General Beauregard, had 21,000 troops. The army of the Union under the command of General McDowell had 30,000 troops, with 10,000 more reserves available. Unfortunately, McDowell was the first of many Union commanders in Virginia who moved too slowly. By the time he reached the Confederate position, another 12,000 Confederates arrived from the Shenandoah Valley.
On July 21, the two armies clashed in the first major battle of the war, known as the First Battle of Bull Run. After unsuccessfully attacking for most of the day, the untrained army of the Union collapsed and fled after one of the newly arrived Confederate units launched a counterattack.
The Union army returned to Washington much faster than it had left. Once inside the fortifications of the capitol, the army regrouped and prepared for any Confederate attack. None arrived, perhaps wisely given the strength of the fortifications and the damage done to the Confederate army. Bull Run ended the serious fight in Virginia during the year. It had many lasting effects.
In the South, it created a dangerous belief in the superiority of the Confederate soldier that would lead subsequent generals to make hasty decisions. In the North it showed that the war was going to be a lasting event, and generated a determination not to be defeated that manifested itself in the ease with which Lincoln was able to pass laws that would create an army of one million men.
