I believe a qualitative prediction requires a prediction with out any numerical data to support it while a quantitative predictions require a prediction supported by numerical data.
A real world example of this is in chemistry during a lab. qualitative data is based off of observation with out numerical data such as a color change. quantitative data is based off of observation with numerical data such as the mass changes.
(quantitative prediction is decision from data based on percentages, probabilities, and so on while qualitative predictions are based off of given information).
I hope this helps and let me know if you need further explaining.
