One way Mustafa Kemal created a modern, secular, nationalist, Turkish state in what used to be the Ottoman Empire was by _____.

Aswitching the Arabic alphabet to the Roman one and the Islamic calendar to the one used in Europe

Bencouraging people to dress in traditional Ottoman attire

Cbringing in U.S. advisors to aid in the process

Dgradually and slyly introducing European ideas and labeling them as Turkish national traditions