Verified Answer :

To prevent one branch of Government from becoming too powerful

That's why the more civilized countries usually divided their government branches into

Legislature :  The branch who creates law and policy
Executive :  The government branch who executes the law and policy
Judiciary : The government branch who interprets the law and give resolutions in a dispute

Hagrid

Checks and balances were created in
order to ensure that each branches of the government (Executive branch,
Legislature, Judicial branch) would be able to fulfill its mandate and also to
make sure that no branch becomes more powerful than the other. Meanwhile the
separation of power was made in order to make sure that each government branch
has a unique role in providing solution for the country. 

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